I don't think the ground wire will have any effect on loudness, however under a heavy load it might make a small difference. Wire size is more about protecting the components.
Boats are a tricky animal, most times there is not much for your sound/music to reflect off of... thus it dissipates. You may notice when docked somewhere and walking around close to the boat it may sound better farther away.
This being said, speaker placement is almost more important than the type of speaker you choose. Don't get me wrong some speakers are much better than others, but mounted in the wrong spot, your just wasting money.
Some of the best places to mount speakers are where the sound had something to bounce or reflect off of. Either that or up high and in your face